Hara-kiri through anal orifice: a first-of-its-kind case.

Constipation and obstruction are distressing problems which not promptly treated can lead to dangerous complications. A common and potentially dangerous gastrointestinal problem is faecal impaction. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment avoids complications. Apart from manual extraction proximal and distal washout are the available options. However, the key lies in identifying the etiology of the problems and nipping it in the bud. We here present a first-of-its-kind case in which a female pulled out about 2 feet of her large intestine from her anal orifice after experiencing constipation for a period of two days. Damage control surgery was done and the patient was left with a permanent illeostomy

A Circle Has No End: Role of Cyclic Topology and Accompanying Structural Reorganization on the Hole Distribution in Cyclic and Linear Poly‑p‑phenylene Molecular Wires

π-Conjugated organic oligomers/polymers hold great promise as long-range charge-transfer materials for modern photovoltaic applications. However, a set of criteria for the rational design of functional materials is not yet available, in part because of a lack of understanding of charge distribution in extended π-conjugated systems of different topologies, and concomitant effects on redox and optical properties. Herein we demonstrate the role of cyclic versus linear topology in controlling the redox/optical properties and hole distribution in poly-p-phenylenes (PPs) with the aid of experiment, computation, and our recently developed multistate parabolic model (MPM). It is unequivocally shown that the hole distribution in both cyclic and linear poly-p-phenylene (n ≥ 7) cation radicals is limited to seven p-phenylene units, despite the very different topologies. However, the effect of topology is evidenced in the very different trends in oxidation potentials of cyclic versus linear PPs, which are shown to originate largely from the geometrical distortion of individual p-phenylene units in cyclic PPs. The presence of additional pairwise electronic coupling element in cyclic PPs, absent in linear PPs, plays a significant role only in smaller cyclic PP5 and PP6. This study provides a detailed conceptual description of cyclic and linear poly-p-phenylene cation radicals and demonstrates the versatility and predictive power of MPM, an important new tool for the design and synthesis of novel and efficient charge-transfer materials for molecular electronics and photovoltaic applications, an area of widespread interest

NEW GENERATION CO-OPERATIVES (NGC) AS A MODEL FOR VALUE-ADDED AGRICULTURAL PROCESSING IN ALBERTA: APPLICATIONS TO FACTORS AFFECTING CHOICE OF PRICING AND PAYMENT PRACTICES BY TRADITIONAL MARKETING AND NEW GENERATION CO-OPERATIVES

This study examines the factors affecting choice of pricing and payment practices by traditional marketing and new generation co-operatives for commodities delivered by their members. These factors include the demographic variables related to type of co-operative organization, level of competition in commodity market, and risk-return perceptions of members and co-operatives. Data for the analysis were obtained through a mail survey. Questionnaires were send to one hundred and ninety five (195) co-operatives in mid-west states of the U.S.A. and Canada. Altogether 93 co-operatives responded to the survey. Mean score analysis, factor analysis and multinomial logit analysis were done. The results indicate that traditional marketing co-operatives are more likely to choose spot market cash price, while new generation co-operatives are more likely to choose pooling practices. Traditional marketing co-operatives appear to be concerned about the members' cash flow needs and members' uncertainty of return; they are also more responsive to increased competitive level in commodity market. New generation co-operatives are more concerned with avoiding the risk of co-operatives' operating deficits and survival of co-operatives. This has implications for new co-operatives just beginning in business.Agribusiness,